[sheet: Summary]
Field | Value
Prepared By | Harrison Wexford, Partner, M&A
Date | October 15, 2024
Client | Penterra Pharmaceuticals Corp.
Client Ticker | PPCA (Nasdaq)
Client Address | 1100 Meridian Boulevard, Suite 400, Princeton, NJ 08540
Client Contact (General Counsel) | Thomas F. Holbrook
Client Contact (CFO) | Catherine M. Burgess
Matter Number | 1018-00008
Matter Description | Proposed Acquisition of Veridian Biosciences, Inc. — Stock Purchase Agreement, Termination, and Anticipated Litigation
Responsible Partner | Oliver Mackenzie
Billing Partner | Harrison Wexford
Firm | Calderwood & Harkness LLP
Firm Address | 200 Park Avenue, 42nd Floor, New York, NY 10166
Matter Open Date | February 14, 2024
Billing Period | February 14, 2024 — September 30, 2024
Transaction | $900,000,000 Cash Stock Purchase — 100% of Veridian Biosciences, Inc.
Transaction Status | Terminated — Termination Notice delivered September 30, 2024 pursuant to SPA § 8.1(d)
Total Legal Fees (C&H) | $4,250,000.00
Note | Fees exclude disbursements. Post-termination litigation preparation work (October 2024 forward) will be billed separately.
[sheet: Timekeeper Summary]
Timekeeper | Title | Practice Group | Hourly Rate | Total Hours | Total Fees | % of Total Fees
Oliver Mackenzie | Partner, M&A | Mergers & Acquisitions | $1,850.00 | 482.5 | $892,625.00 | 21.0%
Harrison Wexford | Partner, M&A | Mergers & Acquisitions | $1,750.00 | 310.0 | $542,500.00 | 12.8%
Megan Chu | Associate, M&A | Mergers & Acquisitions | $985.00 | 1,345.0 | $1,324,825.00 | 31.2%
Derek Okonkwo | Associate, M&A | Mergers & Acquisitions | $795.00 | 1,420.0 | $1,128,900.00 | 26.6%
Leonard Cross | Partner, Tax | Tax | $1,650.00 | 219.0 | $361,150.00 | 8.5%
TOTAL | 3,776.5 | $4,250,000.00 | 100.0%
[sheet: Phase Summary]
Phase Number | Phase Description | Date Range | Total Hours | Total Fees | % of Total Fees
1 | Engagement & Preliminary (Engagement Letter, Conflicts, NDA, IOI, Internal Memos) | Feb 14 – Mar 15, 2024 | 185.0 | $168,500.00 | 4.0%
2 | Due Diligence (Corporate, IP, Material Contracts, Regulatory/FDA, Employment, Environmental, Tax, Litigation, Insurance, Board Summary) | Mar 11 – Jun 3, 2024 | 1,050.0 | $1,020,000.00 | 24.0%
3 | Transaction Documents (SPA Drafting/Negotiation, Disclosure Schedules, Escrow Agreement, Stockholder Rep Agreement, Non-Competes, TSA, Closing Certificates, Funds Flow) | Apr 15 – Jun 14, 2024 | 1,180.0 | $1,190,000.00 | 28.0%
4 | Financing (Commitment Letter Review, Credit Agreement Mark-Up, Fee Letter Analysis, Financing Conditions Checklist) | Jun 7 – Jul 2, 2024 | 245.0 | $275,000.00 | 6.5%
5 | Regulatory / Antitrust (HSR Filing, Antitrust Risk Assessment, Early Termination) | Apr 10 – May 21, 2024 | 155.0 | $165,000.00 | 3.9%
6 | Interim Period / Between Signing and Closing (Covenant Compliance, Consent Requests, FDA Hold Impact Analysis, Notification Obligations, Pre-Closing Checklist) | Jun 11 – Sep 25, 2024 | 310.0 | $340,000.00 | 8.0%
7 | MAE Analysis & Termination Preparation (MAE Legal Analysis, Delaware Case Law Survey, Carveout Analysis, Disproportionate Impact, Deficiency Notice, Strategy Memo, Board Memo, Board Resolution, Termination Notice) | Aug 16 – Sep 30, 2024 | 580.0 | $985,000.00 | 23.2%
8 | Board Materials & Corporate Approvals (Board Resolutions, Board Presentations, Secretary's Certificate, Officer's Certificate, Stockholder Consent Process) | Jun 9 – Sep 27, 2024 | 71.5 | $106,500.00 | 2.5%
TOTAL | Feb 14 – Sep 30, 2024 | 3,776.5 | $4,250,000.00 | 100.0%
[sheet: Detail by Timekeeper and Phase]
Phase | Timekeeper | Hourly Rate | Hours | Fees
1. Engagement & Preliminary | Oliver Mackenzie | $1,850.00 | 30.0 | $55,500.00
1. Engagement & Preliminary | Harrison Wexford | $1,750.00 | 18.0 | $31,500.00
1. Engagement & Preliminary | Megan Chu | $985.00 | 52.0 | $51,220.00
1. Engagement & Preliminary | Derek Okonkwo | $795.00 | 75.0 | $59,625.00
1. Engagement & Preliminary | Leonard Cross | $1,650.00 | 10.0 | $16,500.00
Phase 1 Subtotal | 185.0 | $214,345.00
2. Due Diligence | Oliver Mackenzie | $1,850.00 | 85.0 | $157,250.00
2. Due Diligence | Harrison Wexford | $1,750.00 | 55.0 | $96,250.00
2. Due Diligence | Megan Chu | $985.00 | 340.0 | $334,900.00
2. Due Diligence | Derek Okonkwo | $795.00 | 440.0 | $349,800.00
2. Due Diligence | Leonard Cross | $1,650.00 | 130.0 | $214,500.00
Phase 2 Subtotal | 1,050.0 | $1,152,700.00
3. Transaction Documents | Oliver Mackenzie | $1,850.00 | 130.0 | $240,500.00
3. Transaction Documents | Harrison Wexford | $1,750.00 | 95.0 | $166,250.00
3. Transaction Documents | Megan Chu | $985.00 | 420.0 | $413,700.00
3. Transaction Documents | Derek Okonkwo | $795.00 | 490.0 | $389,550.00
3. Transaction Documents | Leonard Cross | $1,650.00 | 45.0 | $74,250.00
Phase 3 Subtotal | 1,180.0 | $1,284,250.00
4. Financing | Oliver Mackenzie | $1,850.00 | 52.0 | $96,200.00
4. Financing | Harrison Wexford | $1,750.00 | 38.0 | $66,500.00
4. Financing | Megan Chu | $985.00 | 105.0 | $103,425.00
4. Financing | Derek Okonkwo | $795.00 | 45.0 | $35,775.00
4. Financing | Leonard Cross | $1,650.00 | 5.0 | $8,250.00
Phase 4 Subtotal | 245.0 | $310,150.00
5. Regulatory / Antitrust | Oliver Mackenzie | $1,850.00 | 28.0 | $51,800.00
5. Regulatory / Antitrust | Harrison Wexford | $1,750.00 | 12.0 | $21,000.00
5. Regulatory / Antitrust | Megan Chu | $985.00 | 58.0 | $57,130.00
5. Regulatory / Antitrust | Derek Okonkwo | $795.00 | 55.0 | $43,725.00
5. Regulatory / Antitrust | Leonard Cross | $1,650.00 | 2.0 | $3,300.00
Phase 5 Subtotal | 155.0 | $176,955.00
6. Interim Period | Oliver Mackenzie | $1,850.00 | 50.0 | $92,500.00
6. Interim Period | Harrison Wexford | $1,750.00 | 25.0 | $43,750.00
6. Interim Period | Megan Chu | $985.00 | 110.0 | $108,350.00
6. Interim Period | Derek Okonkwo | $795.00 | 115.0 | $91,425.00
6. Interim Period | Leonard Cross | $1,650.00 | 10.0 | $16,500.00
Phase 6 Subtotal | 310.0 | $352,525.00
7. MAE Analysis & Termination | Oliver Mackenzie | $1,850.00 | 92.0 | $170,200.00
7. MAE Analysis & Termination | Harrison Wexford | $1,750.00 | 58.0 | $101,500.00
7. MAE Analysis & Termination | Megan Chu | $985.00 | 230.0 | $226,550.00
7. MAE Analysis & Termination | Derek Okonkwo | $795.00 | 175.0 | $139,125.00
7. MAE Analysis & Termination | Leonard Cross | $1,650.00 | 25.0 | $41,250.00
Phase 7 Subtotal | 580.0 | $678,625.00
8. Board Materials & Corporate Approvals | Oliver Mackenzie | $1,850.00 | 15.5 | $28,675.00
8. Board Materials & Corporate Approvals | Harrison Wexford | $1,750.00 | 9.0 | $15,750.00
8. Board Materials & Corporate Approvals | Megan Chu | $985.00 | 30.0 | $29,550.00
8. Board Materials & Corporate Approvals | Derek Okonkwo | $795.00 | 25.0 | $19,875.00
8. Board Materials & Corporate Approvals | Leonard Cross | $1,650.00 | -8.0 | $-13,200.00
Phase 8 Subtotal | 71.5 | $80,450.00
GRAND TOTAL | 3,776.5 | $4,250,000.00
[sheet: Billing Narrative]
Phase | Period | Key Activities and Work Product | Key Documents Produced | Key Timekeepers
1. Engagement & Preliminary | Feb 14 – Mar 15, 2024 | Engagement of Calderwood & Harkness by Penterra Pharmaceuticals Corp. (Matter No. 1018-00008); conflicts clearance covering Veridian Biosciences, Crestline Ventures, Boreal Health Partners Fund III, Apex Growth Equity Fund II, and Zalcourt Archer & Cole LLP; preparation and negotiation of mutual NDA with Veridian (executed March 4, 2024); drafting of non-binding indication of interest letter to Veridian/Ridgeway Partners LLC at indicative EV of $850–$950 million; preparation of preliminary due diligence request list sent to Zalcourt Archer & Cole LLP on March 6, 2024; internal deal team memorandum on transaction overview and key issues. | Engagement Letter (Feb 14); Conflicts Clearance Memo (Feb 13); NDA (Mar 4); Non-Binding IOI (Mar 1); DD Request List (Mar 6); Internal Deal Team Memo (Mar 15) | Mackenzie, Wexford, Chu, Okonkwo
2. Due Diligence | Mar 11 – Jun 3, 2024 | Comprehensive due diligence review of Veridian Biosciences following data room access (March 11, 2024); corporate organization and capitalization review (Series A–D, $420M total raised); IP analysis of VeriTCE platform and VRD-4187 patents; material contracts review including CRO agreements, manufacturing supply, license agreements, and investor rights agreements; regulatory and FDA compliance review including IND 154832 and Marlowe Asset Management-2 Phase II trial (NCT05837291, 42 sites, 387 enrolled patients); employment and benefits review (148 employees, key personnel agreements for Dr. Marek, Dr. Chandrasekaran, Kessler, Fontaine; 9.8% ESOP pool); environmental compliance review; tax due diligence by Leonard Cross including $312M federal NOL carryforward, §382 ownership change analysis (2020 Series C triggering ~$5.9M/yr annual limitation on ~$148M pre-change NOLs), state nexus in MA, CA, MD; litigation and contingent liabilities review; insurance program review; preparation of consolidated diligence summary memorandum to Penterra Board of Directors. Coordination with Broadleaf Scientific Consulting LLC (Dr. Raymond Kapoor) on clinical and scientific due diligence. | Corporate DD Memo (May 10); IP DD Memo (May 14); Material Contracts Memo (May 17); Regulatory/FDA DD Memo (May 20); Employment DD Memo (May 22); Environmental DD Memo (May 15); Tax DD Memo (May 28); Litigation DD Memo (May 18); Insurance DD Memo (May 16); Board DD Summary (Jun 3) | Mackenzie, Wexford, Chu, Okonkwo, Cross
3. Transaction Documents | Apr 15 – Jun 14, 2024 | Drafting and negotiation of Stock Purchase Agreement for $900,000,000 all-cash acquisition of 100% of Veridian capital stock; three rounds of mark-ups with Zalcourt Archer & Cole LLP (Rebecca Whitmore, Jonathan Pratt); negotiation of MAE definition (SPA § 1.1) including carveouts for pandemics, general economic conditions, industry conditions, changes in law, natural disasters, financial market changes, and announcement effects, each subject to disproportionate impact exception; no-shop provision (§ 5.4) with fiduciary out and four business day matching rights; indemnification mechanics including 20% cap ($180M), 1% tipping basket ($9M), 100% cap for fundamental reps, 18-month survival (general), statute of limitations +60 days (fundamental/tax); reverse termination fee of $45M (5% of deal value, financing failure trigger only); target termination fee of $36M (4%, no-shop breach); preparation and review of Sellers' Disclosure Schedules; drafting Escrow Agreement with Fidelis National Escrow Corp. ($180M indemnification escrow, $2.5M stockholder representative expense fund); Stockholder Representative Agreement appointing David Ng; forms of stockholder written consent and joinder; non-competition/non-solicitation agreements for Dr. Marek and Dr. Chandrasekaran (2-year terms); draft Transition Services Agreement; R&W insurance coordination with Prescott Whitfield Insurance Brokers (Amanda Chen-Kowalski) and Atlas Indemnity Insurance Co. (Policy No. AIC-RWI-2024-07892, $180M limit, $9M SIR, $3,960,000 premium, $75,000 underwriting fee, bound June 12, 2024); side letter re financing cooperation; draft funds flow memorandum ($500M term loan + $400M PPC cash = $900M; $180M to escrow, $2.5M to rep expense fund, $717.5M net to sellers); forms of closing certificates. | SPA Initial Draft (Apr 15); SPA Mark-Up #3 (May 20); SPA Execution Version (Jun 10); Disclosure Schedules (Jun 10); Escrow Agreement (Jun 10); Stockholder Rep Agreement (Jun 10); Stockholder Written Consent Form (Jun 10); Non-Compete Agreements (Jun 10); TSA Draft (Jun 5); R&W Binder/Summary (Jun 12); Side Letter (Jun 10); Funds Flow Draft (Jun 8); Closing Certificates (Jun 10) | Mackenzie, Wexford, Chu, Okonkwo, Cross
4. Financing | Jun 7 – Jul 2, 2024 | Review and analysis of commitment letter (Ref. CL-2024-PPCA-0607, dated June 7, 2024) from Summit Ridge Capital Partners, LP and Ironclad Trust Company, N.A. for $500,000,000 term loan at SOFR + 225 bps; analysis of commitment fee (0.35% = $1,750,000/yr), ticking fee (0.175%/yr commencing September 8, 2024, i.e., 90 days post-signing), market flex provisions, conditions to funding, and co-terminous expiration with SPA Outside Date (December 10, 2024); mark-up and comments on draft credit agreement; fee letter review; preparation of financing conditions checklist; revised funds flow memorandum incorporating final term loan wire instructions for Ironclad Trust Company. | Commitment Letter Analysis Memo (Jun 8); Credit Agreement Mark-Up (Jun 18); Revised Funds Flow (Jul 2); Fee Letter Review (Jun 9); Financing Conditions Checklist (Jun 20) | Mackenzie, Wexford, Chu
5. Regulatory / Antitrust | Apr 10 – May 21, 2024 | Coordination with Stonebridge HSW Antitrust Advisors LLP (Martin Prumvane) on HSR Act pre-merger notification; preparation of antitrust risk assessment concluding low risk given Veridian's clinical-stage status; drafting of HSR narrative and Item 4(c)/4(d) document compilation; transmittal letter to FTC/DOJ Premerger Notification Office with $280,500 filing fee submitted April 22, 2024; monitoring of HSR waiting period; confirmation of early termination granted May 20, 2024. | Antitrust Risk Assessment (Apr 10); HSR Draft Narrative (Apr 18); HSR Transmittal Letter (Apr 22); HSR Early Termination Memo (May 21) | Mackenzie, Chu, Okonkwo
6. Interim Period / Between Signing and Closing | Jun 11 – Sep 25, 2024 | Monitoring Veridian's compliance with interim operating covenants (SPA § 5.1) from signing through termination; analysis of Veridian's notification obligations under § 5.1(b) regarding Marlowe Asset Management-2 DMC interim analysis (DMC findings August 14, 2024; Penterra notified August 16, 2024); evaluation of whether Penterra's consent was required under § 5.1 for Veridian's implementation of Protocol v4.0 amendment (mandatory tocilizumab prophylaxis, dose reduction from 1.5 mg/kg to 0.75 mg/kg, implemented August 28, 2024); analysis of impact of FDA partial clinical hold on VRD-4187 (IND 154832, imposed August 22, 2024) on satisfaction of Buyer's closing conditions under §§ 7.2(a) and 7.2(b); maintenance of pre-closing conditions satisfaction checklist showing HSR clearance (satisfied), stockholder consent >90% (satisfied, June 14, 2024), no-MAE condition (not satisfied), representations bring-down (not satisfied). | Interim Covenant Tracker (Jun 11 – Sep 30); Consent Request re Protocol Amendment (Aug 30); FDA Hold Impact Memo (Aug 23); Notification Obligations Memo (Aug 18); Pre-Closing Conditions Checklist (last updated Sep 25) | Mackenzie, Chu, Okonkwo
7. MAE Analysis & Termination | Aug 16 – Sep 30, 2024 | Comprehensive material adverse effect legal analysis following Marlowe Asset Management-2 Phase II interim data readout (Grade ≥3 CRS: 23.4% treatment vs. 4.1% control; 7 treatment-related deaths (3.6%) vs. 1 control death (0.5%); ORR: 31.4% vs. 28.9%, p=0.58 not statistically significant); supplemental MAE analysis incorporating FDA partial clinical hold; survey of Delaware MAE case law including Akorn v. Fresenius line of cases and durational significance standard; analysis of MAE carveout applicability (pandemic, general industry, changes in law, natural disasters — concluding carveouts do not apply to company-specific clinical trial results); disproportionate impact exception analysis; drafting and delivery of Deficiency Notice to Veridian (September 6, 2024) alleging MAE and failure of closing conditions under §§ 7.2(a) and 7.2(b); follow-up correspondence with Zalcourt Archer & Cole; analysis of Veridian's September 13 response disputing MAE and demanding closing; privileged strategy memorandum to Thomas F. Holbrook analyzing termination options (proceed, renegotiate, or terminate), estimating sunk costs of $12,991,664, and assessing Veridian's likely claim that the $45M reverse termination fee applies; preparation of board memorandum recommending termination to Board Chair Margaret Liu Whitfield; drafting of board resolution authorizing termination (September 27, 2024); drafting and delivery of formal Termination Notice pursuant to SPA § 8.1(d) (September 30, 2024) to Veridian and David Ng as Stockholder Representative. | MAE Analysis Memo (Aug 25); Supplemental MAE/FDA Hold Memo (Sep 2); DE Case Law Survey (Aug 27); MAE Carveouts Analysis (Aug 28); Disproportionate Impact Analysis (Sep 3); Deficiency Notice (Sep 6); Email Follow-Up (Sep 9); Strategy Memo (Sep 15); Veridian Response Analysis (Sep 16); Board Termination Memo (Sep 24); Board Resolution — Termination (Sep 27); Termination Notice (Sep 30) | Mackenzie, Wexford, Chu, Okonkwo, Cross
8. Board Materials & Corporate Approvals | Jun 9 – Sep 27, 2024 | Preparation of Penterra Board presentation materials jointly with Garrison Zanthor & Co. (Kevin Driscoll) for June 9, 2024 board meeting; drafting board resolution authorizing SPA execution (June 10, 2024) by Dr. Anand Rajagopal and Thomas F. Holbrook; secretary's certificate certifying incumbency and authority; form of officer's closing certificate; analysis of Veridian stockholder written consent process under DGCL § 228 (holders of >90% delivered consents June 14, 2024, including Crestline Ventures 28.3%, Boreal Health Partners 19.7%, Apex Growth Equity 14.1%); board resolution authorizing termination (September 27, 2024). | Board Presentation (Jun 9); Board Resolution — SPA Execution (Jun 10); Secretary's Certificate (Jun 10); Officer's Certificate Form (Jun 10); Stockholder Consent Process Memo (Jun 11); Board Resolution — Termination (Sep 27) | Mackenzie, Wexford, Chu
[sheet: Monthly Fee Accrual]
Month | Mackenzie Hours | Mackenzie Fees | Wexford Hours | Wexford Fees | Chu Hours | Chu Fees | Okonkwo Hours | Okonkwo Fees | Cross Hours | Cross Fees | Total Hours | Total Fees
February 2024 (from 2/14) | 18.0 | $33,300.00 | 10.0 | $17,500.00 | 28.0 | $27,580.00 | 30.0 | $23,850.00 | 4.0 | $6,600.00 | 90.0 | $108,830.00
March 2024 | 42.0 | $77,700.00 | 22.0 | $38,500.00 | 95.0 | $93,575.00 | 110.0 | $87,450.00 | 8.0 | $13,200.00 | 277.0 | $310,425.00
April 2024 | 55.0 | $101,750.00 | 35.0 | $61,250.00 | 150.0 | $147,750.00 | 165.0 | $131,175.00 | 25.0 | $41,250.00 | 430.0 | $483,175.00
May 2024 | 70.0 | $129,500.00 | 48.0 | $84,000.00 | 210.0 | $206,850.00 | 230.0 | $182,850.00 | 65.0 | $107,250.00 | 623.0 | $710,450.00
June 2024 | 95.0 | $175,750.00 | 68.0 | $119,000.00 | 280.0 | $275,800.00 | 295.0 | $234,525.00 | 52.0 | $85,800.00 | 790.0 | $890,875.00
July 2024 | 30.0 | $55,500.00 | 18.0 | $31,500.00 | 85.0 | $83,725.00 | 95.0 | $75,525.00 | 15.0 | $24,750.00 | 243.0 | $271,000.00
August 2024 | 82.0 | $151,700.00 | 42.0 | $73,500.00 | 195.0 | $192,075.00 | 210.0 | $166,950.00 | 22.0 | $36,300.00 | 551.0 | $620,525.00
September 2024 | 90.5 | $167,425.00 | 67.0 | $117,250.00 | 302.0 | $297,470.00 | 285.0 | $226,575.00 | 28.0 | $46,000.00 | 772.5 | $854,720.00
TOTAL | 482.5 | $892,625.00 | 310.0 | $542,500.00 | 1,345.0 | $1,324,825.00 | 1,420.0 | $1,128,900.00 | 219.0 | $361,150.00 | 3,776.5 | $4,250,000.00