[sheet: Cover & Summary]
Field | Value
Document Title | Closing Checklist and Index — Consent Decree and Ancillary Documents
Date Prepared | April 28, 2025
Matter Name | United States of America and State of Montana v. Torchlight Mining Corp. et al.
Civil Action No. | 9:24-cv-00087-DWM
Court | U.S. District Court for the District of Montana, Missoula Division
Judge | Hon. Donald W. Molloy (Senior Judge)
C&H Matter No. | 1039-00003
Lead Outside Counsel | Calderwood & Harkness LLP
Responsible Partner | Harrison Wexford
Billing Partner | Beatrice Holloway
Lead Associate | Elliot Nguyen
Working Associate | Grace Nakamura
Client | Torchlight Mining Corp. (TSX: TRC / NYSE: TRC)
Client General Counsel | Miriam Soo-Hwan Park
Client CEO | Douglas K. Prennell
Client CFO | Carolyn Bracebridge
Client VP, EHS | Gareth Linford
Defendant Entities | Torchlight Mining Corp.; Torchlight Mining (U.S.) Inc.; Torchlight Specialty Chemicals, Inc.; Ridgecrest Mine Holdings, LLC; Bonanza Creek Mining, LLC
Plaintiffs | United States (EPA/DOJ); State of Montana; State of Nevada; State of West Virginia
Consent Decree Lodging Date | February 19, 2025
Public Comment Period Close | March 21, 2025
Motion for Entry Filed | April 7, 2025
Target Court Hearing | April 28, 2025
Target Entry Date | May 15, 2025
Effective Date (per Decree § IV) | June 14, 2025 (30 days after entry)
Total Documents in Checklist | 75
Total Categories | 13
Grand Total Nominal Obligation | $409.9 million
Grand Total NPV (3%) | $311.5 million
Financial Assurance Total | $245.0 million
Status as of This Date | Substantially complete; pending court entry
[sheet: I. Engagement & Administration]
Item No. | Document Title | Date | Responsible Party / Drafter | Counterparty / Recipient | Format | Status | Execution Date | Filing Date | Original / Copy Location | Notes
1 | Engagement Letter — Calderwood & Harkness LLP to Torchlight Mining Corp. | October 21, 2024 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP (Harrison Wexford) | Torchlight Mining Corp. (Miriam Soo-Hwan Park) | docx | Executed | October 21, 2024 | C&H Document Management / Matter 1039-00003 | Scope: multi-site EPA compliance & consent-decree negotiation; hourly rates: Partner $1,350, Sr. Assoc. $950, Assoc. $725, Paralegal $425; fee cap $4.5M; monthly billing net-30
2 | Conflict Check Memorandum | October 18, 2024 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP | Internal | docx | Final | C&H Document Management | No conflicts identified; checked TMC and all U.S. subsidiaries against EPA, DOJ, state co-plaintiffs, and all third parties
3 | Co-Counsel Coordination Agreement — C&H / HDW / Sagebrush / BTC | November 1, 2024 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP | Holcroft, Dane & Weiss LLP; sagebrush Law Group, PLLC; Baxter, Tully & Crane PLLC | docx | Executed | November 1, 2024 | C&H Document Management | Coordination protocols, lead-counsel authority, information-sharing, billing arrangements; local counsel: HDW (Montana — Russell Dane), sagebrush (Nevada — Denise Quartaro), BTC (West Virginia — Nathan Tully)
4 | Litigation Hold Notice / Preservation Memorandum — C&H to TMC | October 23, 2024 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP | Torchlight Mining Corp. (Miriam Soo-Hwan Park) | docx | Final — Delivered | C&H Document Management | Preservation of all documents, ESI, communications re: Ridgecrest, Gallatin, Bonanza Creek, Kanawha Bend; Civil Action No. 9:24-cv-00087-DWM
5 | Staffing Memorandum and Budget Estimate | October 25, 2024 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP (Harrison Wexford; Beatrice Holloway) | Internal | docx | Final | C&H Document Management | Staffing plan and projected hours by phase within $4.5M fee cap
[sheet: II. Case Assessment & Strategy]
Item No. | Document Title | Date | Responsible Party / Drafter | Counterparty / Recipient | Format | Status | Execution Date | Filing Date | Original / Copy Location | Notes
6 | Preliminary Case Assessment Memorandum — All Four Sites | November 4, 2024 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP | Miriam Soo-Hwan Park; Douglas K. Prennell | docx | Final | C&H Document Management | Comprehensive exposure assessment: Ridgecrest, Gallatin Chemical Works, Bonanza Creek, Kanawha Bend; CWA/RCRA/CERCLA liability; settlement posture recommendations
7 | Regulatory Exposure Analysis — CWA, RCRA, CERCLA Liability Summary | November 8, 2024 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP | TMC Legal | docx | Final | C&H Document Management | Statutory liability under CWA § 301, RCRA §§ 3004/3005, CERCLA § 107; defenses and mitigating factors
8 | Penalty Calculation Analysis — EPA Penalty Policy Application | November 12, 2024 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP | TMC Legal | xlsx | Final | C&H Document Management | EPA CWA and RCRA civil penalty policies applied per site; negotiated penalties: Ridgecrest $14.2M, Gallatin $5.8M, Bonanza Creek $7.9M, Kanawha Bend $3.6M; total $31.5M
9 | Settlement Strategy Memorandum | November 15, 2024 | Harrison Wexford; Elliot Nguyen | Miriam Soo-Hwan Park; Douglas K. Prennell | docx | Final — Privileged | C&H Document Management | Attorney-client privileged; negotiation strategy for penalty, remediation schedule, SEPs, financial assurance, dispute resolution
10 | Comparative Consent Decree Analysis — Precedent EPA Mining Decrees | November 20, 2024 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP | TMC Legal | docx | Final | C&H Document Management | Precedent EPA consent decrees in mining/chemicals enforcement; penalty-to-revenue ratios, remediation schedules, SEP commitments, financial assurance benchmarks
11 | Memorandum on Migratory Bird Treaty Act Exposure (Bonanza Creek) | November 22, 2024 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP | TMC Legal | docx | Final | C&H Document Management | MBTA exposure for 17 avian mortalities at Bonanza Creek solution ponds (2021–2023); mens rea, DOJ enforcement policy, mitigation strategies
[sheet: III. Consent Decree Negotiation]
Item No. | Document Title | Date | Responsible Party / Drafter | Counterparty / Recipient | Format | Status | Execution Date | Filing Date | Original / Copy Location | Notes
12 | Annotated Review of DOJ First Draft Consent Decree | November 12, 2024 | Elliot Nguyen; Grace Nakamura | Harrison Wexford (internal review) | docx | Final — Internal | C&H Document Management | Section-by-section comments on DOJ first draft (Nov. 8, 2024); issue flags and recommended changes
13 | Internal Redline and Comment Compilation — First DOJ Draft | November 25, 2024 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP | Internal | docx | Final — Internal | C&H Document Management | Consolidated comments from TMC management (Gareth Linford, Miriam Soo-Hwan Park), Pinnacle Creek (Dr. Astrid Bergmann), local counsel (HDW, sagebrush, BTC), and C&H team
14 | TMC Revised Draft Consent Decree (Redline to DOJ First Draft) | December 16, 2024 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP | DOJ (Philip Orenstein) / EPA (Margaret Coulson) | docx | Delivered | C&H Document Management | Tracked changes against DOJ first draft; remediation schedules, penalty, stipulated penalties, force majeure, dispute resolution, termination
15 | Transmittal Letter — C&H to DOJ/EPA (TMC Redline) | December 16, 2024 | Harrison Wexford | Philip Orenstein (DOJ ENRD); Margaret Coulson (EPA OECA) | docx | Delivered | C&H Document Management | Transmittal of TMC redline; summary of principal changes; request for meeting
16 | Memorandum on Stipulated Penalty Provisions — Negotiation Positions | December 20, 2024 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP | TMC Legal | docx | Final | C&H Document Management | Analysis of gov't proposed rates: $1,500/day (days 1–30), $3,000/day (days 31–60), $5,500/day (61+); TMC positions on caps, cure periods, safe harbors
17 | Memorandum on Force Majeure and Excusable Delay Provisions | January 3, 2025 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP | TMC Legal | docx | Final | C&H Document Management | 15-day written notice requirement; burden of proof; recommended expansion of qualifying events
18 | Memorandum on Dispute Resolution Mechanism | January 6, 2025 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP | TMC Legal | docx | Final | C&H Document Management | Three-tier: informal negotiation (30 days) → formal EPA decision (30 days) → judicial review (30 days); standard of review and burden allocation
19 | Analysis of Government Counter-Redline | January 17, 2025 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP | TMC Legal | docx | Final | C&H Document Management | Government counter-redline received Jan. 14, 2025; accepted/rejected TMC changes; counter-proposals; remaining open issues
20 | TMC Response to Government Counter-Redline (Second TMC Redline) | January 24, 2025 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP | DOJ / EPA | docx | Delivered | C&H Document Management | Tracked changes against gov't counter-redline of Jan. 14, 2025; compromises on remaining open issues
21 | Transmittal Letter — C&H to DOJ/EPA (Second TMC Redline) | January 24, 2025 | Harrison Wexford | Philip Orenstein; Margaret Coulson | docx | Delivered | C&H Document Management | Transmittal of second TMC redline; proposal for in-person negotiation session
22 | Consent Decree — Substantially Final Agreed Text | February 3, 2025 | All parties | All parties | docx | Final — Agreed | C&H Document Management | Clean version; all negotiated terms: civil penalty $31.5M (quarterly installments); remediation all 4 sites ($343.5M nominal); SEPs $12.0M; financial assurance $245.0M; stipulated penalties; force majeure; dispute resolution; termination
23 | Side Letter — Open Issues Resolved at Feb. 3 In-Person Session | February 3, 2025 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP / DOJ / EPA | All parties | docx | Executed | February 3, 2025 | C&H Document Management | Final resolution: Ridgecrest negotiated remediation cost $198.6M; stipulated penalty rates; independent monitor selection process
24 | Consent Decree — Execution Version (for lodging) | February 19, 2025 | All parties | U.S. District Court, D. Montana | docx | Executed / Lodged | February 19, 2025 | February 19, 2025 | Court filing / C&H Document Management | Bearing signature blocks for all parties: United States, Montana, Nevada, West Virginia, TMC, TM(US), TSC, RMH, BCM; lodged for 30-day public comment
25 | Motion for Entry of Consent Decree — Draft for DOJ | April 2, 2025 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP | DOJ (Philip Orenstein) | docx | Final — Delivered to DOJ | C&H Document Management | Draft for DOJ review/filing; fairness, reasonableness, consistency with CWA/RCRA/CERCLA objectives; response to public comments
[sheet: IV. Remediation Plans]
Item No. | Document Title | Date | Responsible Party / Drafter | Counterparty / Recipient | Format | Status | Execution Date | Filing Date | Original / Copy Location | Notes
26 | Ridgecrest Remedial Action Work Plan — Framework and Outline | February 10, 2025 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP / Pinnacle Creek Environmental | EPA Region 8 (Dr. Samuel Tesfaye) | docx | Final — Draft Framework | C&H Document Management | AMD treatment, tailings impoundment stabilization, Flint Creek restoration; final submission deadline: Dec. 14, 2025; negotiated cost: $198.6M over 30 yrs (NPV 3%: $134.9M)
27 | Ridgecrest Remediation Schedule — 30-Year Milestone Table | February 10, 2025 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP / Pinnacle Creek Environmental | EPA Region 8 | xlsx | Final — Draft Framework | C&H Document Management | Remedy construction commencement: June 14, 2027; end of obligation: June 14, 2055; annual and 5-year milestones; $198.6M over 30 years
28 | Gallatin Corrective Measures Study — Scope of Work and Schedule | February 14, 2025 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP / Pinnacle Creek Environmental | EPA Region 8 | docx | Final — Draft Framework | C&H Document Management | Three SWMUs; CS₂ groundwater; VOC soils; submission deadline: June 14, 2026; est. cost: $42.8M over 15 yrs (NPV 3%: $34.1M)
29 | Bonanza Creek Liner Repair and Containment Plan — Scope of Work | February 14, 2025 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP / Pinnacle Creek Environmental | EPA Region 9 (Jennifer Whitfield) | docx | Final — Draft Framework | C&H Document Management | Three documented releases (Mar. 2022, Aug. 2022, Jan. 2023); cyanide/mercury contamination; commencement deadline: June 14, 2026; est. cost: $63.2M over 20 yrs (NPV 3%: $47.1M)
30 | Kanawha Bend Interim Stabilization Measures — Scope of Work and Schedule | February 18, 2025 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP / Pinnacle Creek Environmental | EPA Region 3 | docx | Final — Draft Framework | C&H Document Management | Sulfuric acid residuals, heavy metals, DNAPL in fractured bedrock; completion deadline: Dec. 14, 2026; est. cost: $38.9M over 20 yrs (NPV 3%: $29.0M)
31 | Consolidated Remediation Milestone Matrix — All Four Sites | February 20, 2025 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP / Pinnacle Creek Environmental | All parties | xlsx | Final | C&H Document Management | All milestones, deadlines, responsible parties, consent decree section references; total nominal $343.5M; total NPV (3%) $245.1M
32 | Memorandum on Performance Standards and Completion Criteria | February 22, 2025 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP | TMC Legal | docx | Final | C&H Document Management | Performance standards, completion criteria, certification-of-completion requirements per site; termination no sooner than 5 years after completion of remedial construction
33 | Draft Sampling and Monitoring Plan — All Sites (Appendix to Consent Decree) | February 24, 2025 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP / Pinnacle Creek Environmental | EPA / Court | docx | Final — Appendix to Decree | C&H Document Management | Monitoring well networks, sampling frequencies, analyte lists, detection limits, reporting requirements for all four sites
[sheet: V. SEPs]
Item No. | Document Title | Date | Responsible Party / Drafter | Counterparty / Recipient | Format | Status | Execution Date | Filing Date | Original / Copy Location | Notes
34 | SEP Description and Budget — Flint Creek Watershed Restoration Project | January 28, 2025 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP | DOJ / EPA | docx | Final — Incorporated into Decree | C&H Document Management | Montana; $5.5M; stream-bank stabilization, riparian replanting, fish-passage improvements along 12 miles of Flint Creek downstream of Ridgecrest
35 | SEP Description and Budget — Battle Mountain Community Drinking Water Improvement Project | January 28, 2025 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP | DOJ / EPA | docx | Final — Incorporated into Decree | C&H Document Management | Nevada; $3.5M; upgrade of municipal water treatment facility in Battle Mountain, Lander County
36 | SEP Description and Budget — Institute Community Air Quality Monitoring Network | January 28, 2025 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP | DOJ / EPA | docx | Final — Incorporated into Decree | C&H Document Management | West Virginia; $3.0M; installation and 10-year operation of 6 ambient air quality monitoring stations in Institute/South Charleston area
37 | SEP Compliance and Reporting Schedule — All Three SEPs | February 1, 2025 | Calderwood & Harkness LLP | DOJ / EPA / States | xlsx | Final | C&H Document Management | Compliance milestones, reporting deadlines, certification requirements; total SEPs: $12.0M ($5.5M + $3.5M + $3.0M)