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1004-00002 · Cobalt Ventures LP · Compliance & Regulatory
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[sheet: Cover & Summary]

FieldDetail
Document TitleRegulatory Compliance Checklist — CLSO Fund I
Prepared ByOwen Fischer, Working Associate, Calderwood & Harkness LLP
Reviewed ByTheresa Kim, Lead Associate; Pamela Cross, Responsible Partner
C&H Matter No.1004-00002
C&H Billing Code88103-CVC
ClientCobalt Ventures LP
Client HQ3400 Sand Hill Road, Suite 220, Menlo Park, CA 94025
FundCobalt Life Sciences Opportunities Fund I, LP (to be formed — Delaware LP)
General PartnerCobalt Life Sciences GP I, LLC (to be formed — Delaware LLC)
Management CompanyCobalt Life Sciences Management I, LLC (to be formed — Delaware LLC)
Blocker (if needed)Cobalt Life Sciences Opportunities Fund I (Blocker), Inc. (to be formed — Delaware C-Corp)
Target Fund Size$750,000,000
Hard Cap$1,000,000,000
First Close Minimum$250,000,000
Target First CloseNovember 15, 2026
Target Final CloseMay 15, 2027
Cobalt Existing SEC RegistrationExempt Reporting Adviser (ERA) under Advisers Act §203(m); SEC File No. 802-11934
Cobalt EIN83-2947561
Cobalt DE LP File No.7824931
Cobalt CA SOS File No.202118412387
Governing Law — Fund DocumentsState of Delaware
Governing Law — Placement Agent AgreementState of New York
Regulatory CounselFielding & O'Hara PLLC (Brian Liddell, Partner), 1625 Eye Street NW, Suite 900, Washington, DC 20006
Fund Administrator (AML/KYC)Halcyon Fund Services, Inc. (Thomas Varga, Director), 1735 Market Street, Suite 2200, Philadelphia, PA 19103
Tax AdvisorGreystone Tax Advisors LLC (Kenneth Liu, Managing Director), 44 Montgomery Street, Suite 3100, San Francisco, CA 94104
Placement AgentSagebrush Capital Partners LLC (Jonathan Mercer, MD), CRD No. 298714, 200 Park Avenue, 30th Floor, New York, NY 10166
Date PreparedMarch 2026
Last Updated[To be updated]

[sheet: SEC Filings]

Item No.Filing / RequirementApplicable RegulationEntityJurisdictionResponsible Party — InternalResponsible Party — ExternalDeadline / TriggerStatusNotes
1Form D Filing — Initial Notice of Exempt OfferingRegulation D, Rule 506(b) or 506(c) — election to be confirmedCobalt Life Sciences Opportunities Fund I, LPFederal (SEC / EDGAR)Owen Fischer / Theresa KimFielding & O'Hara PLLC (Brian Liddell)15 days after first sale of securities (i.e., First Close — target Nov. 15, 2026)Not StartedMust elect Rule 506(b) vs. 506(c) prior to marketing commencement (target Aug. 1, 2026). Rule 506(b) anticipated (no general solicitation). Coordinate with sagebrush on investor solicitation approach. File electronically via EDGAR.
2Form D Amendment — Subsequent ClosingsRegulation D, Rule 503Cobalt Life Sciences Opportunities Fund I, LPFederal (SEC / EDGAR)Owen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLCAnnual amendment required; also upon material change in offering termsNot StartedAmend after Final Close (target May 15, 2027) to reflect final aggregate offering amount and number of investors.
3Form ADV Amendment — Existing ERA FilingAdvisers Act §203(m); Form ADV Parts 1A, 2A, 2BCobalt Ventures LPFederal (SEC / IARD)Owen Fischer / Theresa KimFielding & O'Hara PLLC (Brian Liddell)Within 90 days of fiscal year-end or promptly upon material changeNot StartedCobalt currently files as Exempt Reporting Adviser (ERA), SEC File No. 802-11934. Assess whether launch of CLSO Fund I (target $750M) pushes Cobalt above the $150M AUM threshold requiring full registration as a Registered Investment Adviser (RIA). Existing AUM ~$420M across Fund A and Fund B; adding $750M would bring total to ~$1.17B, likely requiring transition to full SEC registration. Coordinate with Fielding & O'Hara.
4Potential Transition from ERA to Full SEC RegistrationAdvisers Act §203A; Form ADVCobalt Ventures LPFederal (SEC / IARD)Pamela Cross / Theresa KimFielding & O'Hara PLLC (Brian Liddell); Greystone Tax Advisors LLC (Kenneth Liu)Prior to or concurrent with First CloseNot StartedIf Cobalt's regulatory AUM (including committed but uncalled capital of CLSO Fund I) exceeds $150M, Cobalt must register as an RIA. Analysis strongly suggests registration will be required. Full Form ADV (Parts 1, 2A, 2B) will need to be prepared. Discuss timing — may file prior to marketing commencement (Aug. 1, 2026) or at First Close. Compliance program, CCO designation, written policies and procedures under Rule 206(4)-7 must be in place.
5Form D Filing — Blocker Corp (if formed)Regulation D, Rule 506(b) or 506(c)Cobalt Life Sciences Opportunities Fund I (Blocker), Inc.Federal (SEC / EDGAR)Owen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLC15 days after first sale of securities in blockerN/A — PendingOnly required if blocker Corp is formed for Pinnacle Insurance Group or other taxable blocker investors. Coordinate with Leonard Cross (C&H Tax) and Greystone.
6Form PF Filing (if applicable)Advisers Act Rule 204(b)-1; Dodd-FrankCobalt Ventures LP (as adviser to CLSO Fund I)Federal (SEC)Theresa KimFielding & O'Hara PLLCWithin 120 days of fiscal year-end (for smaller private fund advisers); within 60 days for large advisers (≥$1.5B)Not StartedApplicable once Cobalt becomes a registered adviser (see Item 4). As AUM will likely be below $1.5B at First Close, Cobalt would file as a smaller private fund adviser (annual filing). Monitor AUM growth toward $1.5B threshold that would trigger quarterly large adviser reporting.
7Form ADV-E (Annual Surprise Examination Notice — if applicable)Advisers Act Rule 206(4)-2 (Custody Rule)Cobalt Ventures LPFederal (SEC / IARD)Theresa KimWhitfield & Pratt LLP (Maria Sandoval); Fielding & O'Hara PLLCAnnually if custody rule surprise examination appliesNot StartedIf Cobalt transitions to full RIA and is deemed to have custody of fund assets, annual surprise examination by independent public accountant may be required unless fund relies on audit exception (annual audited financial statements distributed to LPs within 120 days of fiscal year-end). Coordinate with Whitfield & Pratt and Fielding & O'Hara.
8Schedule 13D/13G Filings (Portfolio Company Reporting)Securities Exchange Act §13(d), §13(g)CLSO Fund I, LP / CLSO GP I, LLCFederal (SEC / EDGAR)Theresa KimFielding & O'Hara PLLCWithin 10 days of acquiring >5% of a class of registered equity securitiesNot StartedApplicable if Fund acquires >5% of any class of equity securities of a publicly traded portfolio company. Life-sciences PE strategy primarily targets private companies, but IPO scenarios or public company investments could trigger filing obligations. Monitor on deal-by-deal basis post-First Close.

[sheet: Blue Sky & State Filings]

Item No.StateFiling TypeApplicable Law / RuleEntityFiling FeeResponsible Party — InternalResponsible Party — ExternalDeadline / TriggerStatusNotes
1CaliforniaReg. D Notice Filing (Form D + State Cover)Cal. Corp. Code §25102(f); 10 CCR §260.102.14CLSO Fund I, LP$300Owen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLC15 days after first sale to CA investorNot StartedCobalt HQ is in Menlo Park, CA. Principals reside in CA. High priority. State filing required after federal Form D filing.
2ConnecticutReg. D Notice FilingConn. Gen. Stat. §36b-21(g); Uniform Securities ActCLSO Fund I, LP$150Owen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLC15 days after first sale to CT investorNot StartedPinnacle Insurance Group, Inc. is headquartered in Hartford, CT (anticipated $75M commitment). Filing required upon Pinnacle subscription.
3DelawareReg. D Notice Filing6 Del. Code §7309(b)(9)CLSO Fund I, LP$200Owen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLC15 days after first sale to DE investorNot StartedFund, GP, and Management Company all formed in Delaware. File even absent DE-resident investors given domicile of entities.
4FloridaReg. D Notice FilingFla. Stat. §517.061(11)CLSO Fund I, LP$200Owen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLC15 days after first sale to FL investorNot StartedFile if FL-based investors subscribe. Sagebrush to confirm FL investor pipeline.
5GeorgiaReg. D Notice FilingGa. Code Ann. §10-5-9(13)CLSO Fund I, LP$250Owen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLC15 days after first sale to GA investorNot StartedFile if GA-based investors subscribe.
6IllinoisReg. D Notice Filing815 ILCS 5/4(G)(9)CLSO Fund I, LP$100Owen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLC15 days after first sale to IL investorNot StartedWhitfield & Pratt (auditor) in Chicago, IL. File if IL-based investors subscribe.
7MarylandReg. D Notice FilingMd. Code Ann., Corps. & Ass'ns §11-502(9)CLSO Fund I, LP$200Owen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLC15 days after first sale to MD investorNot StartedFile if MD-based investors subscribe.
8MassachusettsReg. D Notice FilingMass. Gen. Laws ch. 110A §402(b)(9); 950 CMR 14.402CLSO Fund I, LP$300Owen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLC15 days after first sale to MA investorNot StartedNorthgate Endowment Management LLC located in Cambridge, MA (anticipated $50M commitment). Filing triggered upon Northgate subscription.
9MinnesotaReg. D Notice FilingMinn. Stat. §80A.46(15)CLSO Fund I, LP$100Owen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLC15 days after first sale to MN investorNot StartedFile if MN-based investors subscribe.
10New JerseyReg. D Notice FilingN.J. Stat. Ann. §49:3-50(b)(9)CLSO Fund I, LP$500Owen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLC15 days after first sale to NJ investorNot StartedFile if NJ-based investors subscribe. Proximity to NY may generate NJ investor interest.
11New YorkReg. D Notice Filing + Additional State RequirementsN.Y. Gen. Bus. Law Art. 23-A; Martin ActCLSO Fund I, LP$1,200Owen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLCPrior to or within required period after first sale to NY investorNot StartedC&H main office in NY. Sagebrush and Ashworth & Lyle in NY. Multiple anticipated NY-based institutional investors. Martin Act considerations — coordinate with Fielding & O'Hara.
12North CarolinaReg. D Notice FilingN.C. Gen. Stat. §78A-17(9)CLSO Fund I, LP$200Owen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLC15 days after first sale to NC investorNot StartedFile if NC-based investors subscribe.
13OregonReg. D Notice FilingORS §59.049; OAR 441-065CLSO Fund I, LP$250Owen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLC15 days after first sale to OR investorNot StartedIronwood PERS located in Salem, OR (anticipated $100M commitment). Filing triggered upon Ironwood subscription. Also consider OR state tax nexus — coordinate with Greystone Tax Advisors.
14PennsylvaniaReg. D Notice Filing70 Pa. Stat. §1-203(t)CLSO Fund I, LP$500Owen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLC15 days after first sale to PA investorNot StartedHalcyon Fund Services (fund administrator) is in Philadelphia, PA. File if PA-based investors subscribe.
15TexasReg. D Notice FilingTex. Rev. Civ. Stat. Ann. Art. 581-7.CCLSO Fund I, LP$500Owen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLC15 days after first sale to TX investorNot StartedFile if TX-based investors subscribe. Large institutional investor base in TX.
16VirginiaReg. D Notice FilingVa. Code Ann. §13.1-514.1(B)(9)CLSO Fund I, LP$250Owen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLC15 days after first sale to VA investorNot StartedFile if VA-based investors subscribe.
17WashingtonReg. D Notice FilingRCW §21.20.327CLSO Fund I, LP$300Owen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLC15 days after first sale to WA investorNot StartedFile if WA-based investors subscribe.
18Washington, D.C.Reg. D Notice FilingD.C. Code §31-5604.02(b)(9)CLSO Fund I, LP$250Owen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLC15 days after first sale to DC investorNot StartedFielding & O'Hara regulatory counsel located in DC. File if DC-based investors subscribe.
19Other States (TBD)Reg. D Notice FilingUniform Securities Act equivalentsCLSO Fund I, LPVaries by stateOwen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLC15 days after first sale to investor in applicable stateNot StartedAdditional state filings to be identified as investor pipeline develops. Sagebrush to provide investor residency list prior to each closing. Anticipate 15–25 state filings in total based on institutional investor base.

[sheet: ERISA & VCOC Compliance]

Item No.Compliance ItemApplicable Regulation / StatuteEntityResponsible Party — InternalResponsible Party — ExternalDeadline / TriggerStatusNotes
1VCOC Election — Structural AnalysisDOL Reg. §2510.3-101(d); 29 CFR §2510.3-101CLSO Fund I, LPTheresa Kim / Pamela CrossGreystone Tax Advisors LLC (Kenneth Liu); Fielding & O'Hara PLLC (Brian Liddell)Prior to First Close (Nov. 15, 2026)Not StartedFund intends to elect to be a 'venture capital operating company' (VCOC) under DOL Reg. §2510.3-101(d) if ERISA plan assets constitute ≥25% of any class. VCOC status avoids the fund's assets being treated as 'plan assets' subject to ERISA fiduciary rules. Requires that the Fund obtain management rights (board seats or contractual governance rights) in portfolio companies — consistent with Fund strategy (100% of portfolio companies).
225% Plan Asset Threshold Monitoring — Initial CloseDOL Reg. §2510.3-101(a)(2); 29 CFR §2510.3-101(f)CLSO Fund I, LPOwen FischerHalcyon Fund Services, Inc. (Thomas Varga)At each closing; ongoing quarterlyNot StartedMonitor percentage of fund interests held by 'benefit plan investors' (ERISA plans, IRAs, Keogh plans, and entities holding plan assets). If ≥25% of any class, VCOC election becomes critical. Track Ironwood PERS ($100M anticipated = 13.33% at $750M target) and any other pension/plan investors. Northgate may be subject to ERISA depending on endowment structure — confirm with David Park.
3VCOC Operating Covenant ComplianceDOL Reg. §2510.3-101(d)(3)CLSO Fund I, LP / CLSO GP I, LLCTheresa KimFielding & O'Hara PLLCOngoing post-First CloseNot StartedLPA must include requirement that GP obtain contractual management rights in portfolio companies within specified timeframe. Fund must exercise such rights with respect to at least one portfolio company investment within initial 12 months and on an ongoing basis. Include VCOC compliance provisions in LPA (see LPA §[TBD]).
4ERISA-Compliant Carve-Out Structure — NorthgateERISA; DOL Reg. §2510.3-101CLSO Fund I, LPTheresa Kim / Owen FischerGreystone Tax Advisors LLC; Fielding & O'Hara PLLCPrior to Northgate subscriptionNot StartedNorthgate Endowment Management LLC ($50M anticipated commitment) has requested ERISA-compliant carve-out structure. Assess whether Northgate is a 'benefit plan investor' or exempt as governmental plan/endowment. If subject to ERISA, may require separate participation class or side letter provisions. Coordinate with David Park.
5Prohibited Transaction Exemptions ReviewERISA §406; IRC §4975; PTE 84-14, PTE 96-23CLSO Fund I, LPTheresa KimFielding & O'Hara PLLCPrior to First CloseNot StartedReview available prohibited transaction exemptions (PTEs) for fund investments. If plan assets present, ensure all transactions comply with applicable PTEs or fall within VCOC safe harbor.
6Investor Questionnaire — ERISA Status TrackingERISA; DOL Reg. §2510.3-101CLSO Fund I, LPOwen FischerHalcyon Fund Services, Inc.Ongoing at each closingNot StartedSubscription agreement investor questionnaire includes ERISA plan asset status section. Halcyon to maintain ongoing register of benefit plan investor percentages. Reports to GP quarterly.
7Annual VCOC Certification & Management Rights VerificationDOL Reg. §2510.3-101(d); 29 CFR §2510.3-101CLSO Fund I, LP / CLSO GP I, LLCTheresa KimFielding & O'Hara PLLCAnnually post-First CloseNot StartedAnnual internal certification that Fund continues to satisfy VCOC requirements: (i) at least 50% of assets (valued at cost) in portfolio companies in which Fund holds management rights, and (ii) Fund actually exercises management rights in at least one portfolio company during each annual period. Maintain documentation of board seats, observer rights, and contractual governance provisions.
825% Plan Asset Threshold — Final Close RecalculationDOL Reg. §2510.3-101(a)(2); 29 CFR §2510.3-101(f)CLSO Fund I, LPOwen FischerHalcyon Fund Services, Inc.At Final Close (target May 15, 2027)Not StartedRecalculate benefit plan investor percentage at Final Close to confirm continued compliance with 25% threshold or VCOC safe harbor. If Fund reaches hard cap of $1B: Ironwood $100M = 10.0%. Document calculation and retain in compliance files.

[sheet: AML KYC OFAC]

Item No.Compliance ItemApplicable Regulation / AuthorityEntityResponsible Party — InternalResponsible Party — ExternalDeadline / TriggerStatusNotes
1AML/KYC Policy — Establish Fund-Level Compliance ProgramUSA PATRIOT Act §326; BSA; FinCEN CDD RuleCLSO Fund I, LP / CLSO GP I, LLCOwen FischerHalcyon Fund Services, Inc. (Thomas Varga)Prior to First Close (Nov. 15, 2026)Not StartedEstablish written AML/KYC policy for the Fund. Halcyon Fund Services to perform AML/KYC screening on all subscribing LPs as part of subscription process. Policy to include customer identification program (CIP), customer due diligence (CDD), beneficial ownership identification, and suspicious activity monitoring.
2OFAC Sanctions Screening — All InvestorsOFAC SDN List; Executive Orders; 31 CFR Part 501CLSO Fund I, LPOwen FischerHalcyon Fund Services, Inc.Prior to acceptance of each subscription; re-screened periodicallyNot StartedScreen all prospective LPs (and their beneficial owners) against OFAC Specially Designated Nationals (SDN) list, Sectoral Sanctions Identification (SSI) list, and other applicable sanctions lists. Halcyon to perform initial screening and periodic re-screening. Include OFAC representations in subscription agreement.
3Beneficial Ownership Identification — CDD RuleFinCEN CDD Rule (31 CFR §1010.230)CLSO Fund I, LPOwen FischerHalcyon Fund Services, Inc.At subscriptionNot StartedCollect and verify beneficial ownership information for all entity subscribers (25% ownership threshold; one individual with significant management responsibility). Investor questionnaire includes beneficial ownership certification.
4Investor-Specific KYC — Ironwood PERSAML/KYC standardsCLSO Fund I, LPOwen FischerHalcyon Fund Services, Inc.Prior to acceptance of Ironwood subscriptionNot StartedState pension fund — generally lower AML risk. Collect organizational documents, authorized signatory verification, Helen Tsao as contact. Anticipated commitment: $100,000,000.
5Investor-Specific KYC — Northgate Endowment Management LLCAML/KYC standardsCLSO Fund I, LPOwen FischerHalcyon Fund Services, Inc.Prior to acceptance of Northgate subscriptionNot StartedUniversity endowment — generally lower AML risk. Collect organizational documents, beneficial ownership information (if applicable), David Park as contact. Anticipated commitment: $50,000,000.
6Investor-Specific KYC — Pinnacle Insurance Group, Inc.AML/KYC standardsCLSO Fund I, LPOwen FischerHalcyon Fund Services, Inc.Prior to acceptance of Pinnacle subscriptionNot StartedInsurance company — regulated entity, generally lower AML risk. Collect organizational documents, authorized signatory verification, Rachel Stein as contact. Anticipated commitment: $75,000,000.
7Ongoing Transaction MonitoringBSA; USA PATRIOT ActCLSO Fund I, LPTheresa KimHalcyon Fund Services, Inc.Ongoing post-First CloseNot StartedHalcyon to perform ongoing monitoring of capital calls, distributions, and transfers for suspicious activity. Annual review of investor base against updated sanctions lists.
8Non-U.S. Investor Screening (if applicable)OFAC; FATCA; CRSCLSO Fund I, LPOwen FischerHalcyon Fund Services, Inc.Prior to acceptance of non-U.S. subscriptionsNot StartedFund strategy permits up to 25% deployment in Western Europe and Israel; anticipate some non-U.S. LPs. Enhanced due diligence for non-U.S. investors. FATCA/CRS reporting obligations if non-U.S. investors present. Coordinate with Greystone Tax Advisors on withholding and reporting.
9FinCEN Beneficial Ownership Information (BOI) Reporting — Fund EntitiesCorporate Transparency Act; FinCEN BOI Rule (31 CFR §1010.380)CLSO Fund I, LP / CLSO GP I, LLC / CLSO Management I, LLCOwen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLCWithin 90 days of entity formation (for entities formed after Jan. 1, 2024)Not StartedCorporate Transparency Act requires reporting of beneficial ownership information to FinCEN for newly formed entities. Assess whether fund entities qualify for exemptions (e.g., pooled investment vehicle exemption, investment adviser exemption). If no exemption, file BOI reports within 90 days of formation. Monitor evolving enforcement landscape and any litigation stays.
10Subscription Agreement — AML/KYC/OFAC Representations & WarrantiesUSA PATRIOT Act; OFAC; BSACLSO Fund I, LPOwen Fischer / Theresa KimN/AIncluded in subscription documents prior to First CloseNot StartedEnsure subscription agreement includes comprehensive investor representations regarding: (i) source of funds, (ii) absence from OFAC sanctions lists, (iii) beneficial ownership disclosure, (iv) anti-money laundering compliance, and (v) consent to ongoing screening. Coordinate drafting with LPA and PPM teams.

[sheet: CFTC NFA Exemptions]

Item No.Compliance ItemApplicable RegulationEntityResponsible Party — InternalResponsible Party — ExternalDeadline / TriggerStatusNotes
1Commodity Pool Operator (CPO) Exemption AnalysisCEA §4m; CFTC Rule 4.13(a)(3)CLSO GP I, LLC (as operator of CLSO Fund I)Owen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLC (Brian Liddell)Prior to First CloseNot StartedDetermine whether CLSO Fund I's investment strategy (clinical-stage therapeutics, medical devices, platform biotech) could involve commodity interests (e.g., swaps, futures for hedging). If de minimis commodity interest trading, file for CFTC Rule 4.13(a)(3) exemption from CPO registration. Life-sciences PE fund unlikely to trade commodity interests — exemption likely available.
2CFTC Rule 4.13(a)(3) Exemption Filing (if applicable)CFTC Rule 4.13(a)(3); NFA online filingCLSO GP I, LLCOwen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLCPrior to commencement of trading or First CloseNot StartedFile exemption notice with NFA via electronic filing system. Annual affirmation required within 60 days of calendar year-end. Include notice to investors in PPM. Low priority — primary strategy does not contemplate commodity interest trading.
3Commodity Trading Advisor (CTA) ExemptionCEA §4m; CFTC Rule 4.14(a)(8)CLSO Management I, LLCOwen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLCPrior to First Close (if applicable)N/A — PendingLikely not applicable unless Management Company provides commodity trading advice. Monitor.
4Annual CPO Exemption AffirmationCFTC Rule 4.13(a)(3); NFA Compliance Rule 2-45CLSO GP I, LLCOwen FischerFielding & O'Hara PLLCWithin 60 days of each calendar year-end (first affirmation by Feb. 28, 2027 if exemption filed in 2026)Not StartedIf Rule 4.13(a)(3) exemption is filed, annual affirmation must be submitted to NFA electronically. Failure to timely affirm results in automatic withdrawal of exemption. Calendar reminder to be set. Low priority but ministerial compliance required.